Learn About the End of the French Revolution

Almost all historians agree that the French Revolution, that great maelstrom of ideas, politics, and violence, started in 1789 when a gathering of the Estates General turned into a dissolving of the social order and the creation of a new representative body. What they don’t agree on is when the revolution came to an end. While you can find the occasional reference to France still being in the revolutionary era now, most commentators see a difference between the revolution and the imperial rule of Napoleon Bonaparte and the age of wars that bear his name. Which event marks the end of the French Revolution? Take your pick. 1795: The Directory In 1795, with rule by The Terror over, the National Convention designed a new system for governing France. This involved two councils and a ruling body of five directors, known as the Directory. In October 1795, Parisians angry at the state of France, including the idea of the Directory, gathered and marched in protest, but they were repelled by troops guarding strategic areas. This failure was the last time the citizens of Paris appeared able to take charge of the revolution as they had so powerfully done before. It is considered a turning point in the revolution; indeed, some consider it the end. Soon after this, the Directory staged a coup to remove royalists, and their rule for the next four years would be marked by constant vote rigging to stay in power, an action at odds with the dreams of the original revolutionaries. The Directory certainly marked the death of many revolutionary ideals. 1799: The Consulate The military had taken a large role in the changes wrought by the French Revolution before 1799 but never had a general use the army to force change. The Coup of Brumaire, which took place in the later months of 1799, was organized by director and author Sieyà ©s, who decided that the undefeated and feted General Bonaparte would be a tame figure who could use the army to seize power. The coup didn’t run smoothly, but no blood was shed beyond Napoleon’s cheek, and by December 1799 a new government was created. This would be run by three consuls: Napoleon, Sieyà ©s (who had originally wanted Napoleon to be a figurehead and have no power), and a third man called Ducos. The Consulate may be considered the event that marked the end of the French Revolution because it was, technically, a military coup rather than a movement pushed along by the however theoretical will of the people, unlike the earlier revolution. 1802: Napoleon Consul for Life Although power was vested in three consuls, Napoleon soon began to take charge. He won further battles, instituted reforms, started drafting a new series of laws, and raised his influence and profile. In 1802, Sieyà ©s began to criticize the man he had hoped to use as a puppet. The other governmental bodies began to refuse to pass Napoleon’s laws, so he bloodlessly purged them and leveraged his popularity into having himself declared consul for life. This event is sometimes believed to be the end of the revolution because his new position was almost monarchical in its dimensions and certainly represented a break with the careful checks, balances, and elected positions desired by earlier reformers. 1804: Napoleon Becomes Emperor Fresh off more propaganda victories and with his popularity nearly at its zenith, Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself emperor of France. The French Republic was over and the French empire had begun. This is perhaps the most obvious date to use as the end of the revolution, for although Napoleon had been building his power since the Consulate. France was transformed into a new form of nation and government, one considered almost opposite to the hopes of many revolutionaries. This wasnt simply pure megalomania by Napoleon because he had to work hard to reconcile the conflicting forces of the revolution and establish a degree of peace. He had to get old monarchists working with revolutionaries and try to get everyone working together under him. In many respects he was successful, knowing how to bribe and coerce to unify much of France, and being surprisingly forgiving. Of course, this was partly based on the glory of conquest. It is possible to claim that the revolution came to an end gradually over the Napoleonic era, rather than any single power-grabbing event or date, but this frustrates people who like crisp answers. 1815: The End of the Napoleonic Wars It’s unusual, but not impossible, to find books that include the Napoleonic Wars alongside the revolution  and consider the two part of the same arc. Napoleon had risen through opportunities afforded by the revolution. His fall in first 1814 and then 1815 saw the return of the French monarchy, clearly a national return to pre-revolutionary times, even if France could not return to that era. However, the monarchy did not last long, rendering this a difficult endpoint for the revolution, as others followed soon.

Credit Card Debt For The First Time - 1514 Words

This year student loans will grow to $1 trillion dollars, outpacing credit card debt for the first time (Goodman). Inflation is a word that many people have heard of but some might not actually know what it means. Inflation is when the prices of products increase while the buying power of money decreases (â€Å"Inflation†). Inflation is something that has always happened and probably always will. It’s not necessarily a bad thing in itself, but it can cause a problem if inflation grows much faster than wages increase. We, as a nation, need to curb the inflation of college costs begin the process of lowering the expense of higher education. In the last 30 years the inflation of tuition and other college costs has risen at an astounding rate. If you take a look at Stanford University you will find that their tuition has grown from about $6,000 dollars in 1980 to over $40,000 in 2012. If other products followed those inflation rates common groceries, like milk, would be clo se to $15. I don’t know about you, but to me that is absolutely ridiculous. This growing problem can most easily be seen in the large universities like the before mentioned Stanford. The problem of rising college costs has been around for a while, but in recent years it has gotten to a point where it is no longer possible to ignore. It is just getting worse and worse with each passing year with the prices going nowhere but up. The problem of the cost of higher education needs to be solved as soon as possibleShow MoreRelatedPersonal Finance1129 Words   |  5 PagesFalse—A debit card will work just fine when renting cars and checking into hotels. 3. False—The debt snowball begins with your smallest debt. 4. True 5. False—If you have to loan money to a friend, give it to them as a gift. Never co-sign a loan. Matching 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. i. b d j c k e l a f Multiple Choice 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. c d a a b d a d c c b d c d a Short Answer: 31. 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Charles Dickens, Great Expectations Essay Example For Students

Charles Dickens, Great Expectations Essay When the paper eventually snaps in to, this is Eddies cue to get up and change the subject. Working with an arterial motive Eddie questions Marco whether he has ever boxed. Marco and Rodolfo both reply No. So Eddie issues the challenge directly to Rodolfo, saying that he will teach him how to box. This is simply creating a smoke screen, so that Eddie can vent some of his frustration and jealousy against Rodolfo. Eddie begins by happily showing him how to jab and allowing Rodolfo to land multiple punches, with one connecting and grazing Eddies jaw. Eddie, still keeping up the friendly act, now reverses the roles and tells Rodolfo to block a few punches. Eddie begins swinging with intent. Throwing his left as a diversion and then landing with his right he releases some of his jealousy. Following the punch, Marco quickly rises. Eddie says to Rodolfo Did I hurt you kid? to which Rodolfo replies No,no, he didnt hurt me flashing a smile towards Eddie. Rodolfos reply is a result of him feeling that he is finally developing a relationship with Eddie and does not wish to spoil it;no, no This quick reply shows his eagerness to defend Eddie and keep on the right side of him. Beatrice pulls Eddie down into his rocking chair, the rocking chair seems to symbolise almost a peace zone. Eddie sits stewing and rubbing his fists, He could be very good, Marco. Ill teach him again. Eddie enjoyed embarrassing Rodolfo and wishes to do it again. This time Rodolfo initiates the dancing with his newfound confidence. The song playing is Paper Doll, Rodolfo places his arms around Catherine, which would usually anger Eddie, however Marco distracts him. Marco places a chair in front of Eddie with Beatrice spectating, this time Marco challenges Eddie, he challenges him to lift the chair from the bottom of a singular leg. Eddie takes up the challenge, but soon finds it to be harder than he had expected. He raises the chair 1 inch but then drops it, he repeats this process a few times until he pleads, and its on a angle, thats why, heh? Marco knows this not to be true and kneels down to grasp the chair leg. With strained tension flowing throughout his body he raises the chair, up and up until it towers over Eddie. Eddie and Marco are now face to face with the chair raised like a weapon over Eddie. Marco issues a glare of warning to Eddie and then transforms this look into a smile, Eddie blankly absorbs this message. Marco uses this act to deliver a message to Eddie; he is showing Eddie that he is more powerful and strong than Eddie and also warning him to leave Rodolfo alone. Also this is another peak in tension, as it is humiliating to Eddie.

Essay on The Prentice Hall Self Assessment Essay Example For Students

Essay on The Prentice Hall Self Assessment Essay This essay will discuss my personality type from the Prentice Hall Self-Assessment. The assessment is broken down into three sections: Part I: â€Å"What about me?†, Part II: â€Å"Working with Others†, and Part III: â€Å"Life in Organizations†. There are numerous questions and the questions are thought provoking. The essay will discuss the significance of what I have learned about myself and how my discovery can help me become a better employee and co-worker.Prentice Hall Self-Assessment The Prentice Hall Self-Assessment is a lot more extensive than the Myers-Briggs Personality test. The assessment asks many more questions and is broken down in numerous categories. The questions make the individual truly think and cause one to delve deep to consider how you genuinely feel. The Myers-Briggs test revealed my personality to be an ISFJ Introvert, Sensing, Feeling, Judging. (Jung, n.d.) The Prentice Hall assessment revealed my personality as an INFJIntrovert, iNtuition, Feeling, Judger. (Prentice Hall, 2008). In this essay, we take a closer look at some important aspects of my personality that I was not aware of. Part I: What About Me?I have taken several assessments and each one has been very similar in results. The only difference between the Prentice Hall and the Myers-Briggs is the way I gather information. According to Myers-Briggs, I gather information through Sensing, essentially using my five senses: touch, taste, see, smell and feel. (Kroeger, Thuesen, Rutledge, 2002) The Prentice Hall Assessment reveals that I gather through iNtuition, which means I focus more so on the big picture, than the minor details. In essence, both tests are correct. How is this? I have characteristics of both. It. .elongs the glory and dominion forever and ever. Amen†. (New American Standard Bible) As Christians, we must exemplify his word and behave appropriately. The gift and spirit is in us, we just need to learn how to us what God has given us. ConclusionIn conclusion, there a number of self-assessment test available that can help one to learn more about his/her personality. My self-assessment has given me more insight into my work behavior and performance. It also helps me better understand how I interact with my co-workers, take in information and make decisions. I have discovered some opportunities for improvement in my communication skills and I now realize that I must make some changes, before I do experience complete burnout. I intend to take this information and apply it in order to become a stronger employee, co-worker, and most of all a stronger Christian.